Zinthu zovuta, monga kukula kwa kufunikira kwa mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi, kusinthasintha kwamitengo yamafuta ndi zovuta zanyengo, zakakamiza mayiko ambiri kuti achite kusintha kwa kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Makampani opanga mafuta padziko lonse lapansi akhala akuyesetsa kukhala patsogolo pamakampani, koma njira zosinthira zamafuta ochepa kwambiri zamakampani amafuta ndizosiyana: makampani aku Europe akupanga mwamphamvu mphamvu zamphepo zam'mphepete mwa nyanja, photovoltaic, hydrogen ndi mphamvu zina zongowonjezwdwa, pomwe makampani aku America akuchulukirachulukira. masanjidwe a carbon Capture and storage (CCS) ndi matekinoloje ena olakwika a kaboni, ndi njira zosiyanasiyana pamapeto pake zidzasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ndi mphamvu yakusintha kwa mpweya wochepa. Kuyambira 2022, makampani akuluakulu amafuta padziko lonse lapansi apanga mapulani atsopano potengera kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso ma projekiti azachuma chaka chatha.
Kupanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni kwakhala mgwirizano wamakampani akuluakulu amafuta padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndilo gawo lofunikira komanso lovuta pakusintha mphamvu zamayendedwe, ndipo mafuta oyendera oyera komanso opanda mpweya amakhala chinsinsi chakusintha mphamvu. Monga poyambira kofunikira pakusintha mayendedwe, mphamvu ya haidrojeni imayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi makampani amafuta apadziko lonse lapansi.
Mu Januwale chaka chino, Total Energy idalengeza kuti igwirizana ndi makampani odziwika padziko lonse lapansi amphamvu zongowonjezwdwa Masdar ndi Siemens Energy Company kuti apange ndi kupanga chomera chowonetsera haidrojeni chobiriwira chamafuta oyendetsa ndege ku Abu Dhabi, ndikulimbikitsa kuthekera kwa malonda a hydrogen wobiriwira monga mafuta ofunikira a decarbonization m'tsogolomu. M'mwezi wa Marichi, a Total Energy adasaina mgwirizano ndi Daimler Trucks Co., Ltd. kuti akhazikitse limodzi njira zoyendera zachilengedwe zamagalimoto olemera omwe amayendetsedwa ndi haidrojeni, ndikulimbikitsa kuchepetsedwa kwa mayendedwe onyamula katundu mumsewu ku EU. Kampaniyo ikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito mpaka 150 malo opangira mafuta a hydrogen mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina ku Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg ndi France pofika 2030.
Pan Yanlei, CEO wa Total Energy, adanena kuti kampaniyo ndi yokonzeka kupanga haidrojeni wobiriwira pamlingo waukulu, ndipo bungwe la oyang'anira likulolera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za kampaniyo kuti apititse patsogolo njira yobiriwira ya haidrojeni. Komabe, poganizira za mtengo wamagetsi, cholinga cha chitukuko sichidzakhala ku Ulaya.
Bp idachita mgwirizano ndi Oman kuti iwonjezere ndalama zambiri ku Oman, kulimbikitsa mafakitale atsopano ndi luso laukadaulo, kuphatikiza mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi hydrogen wobiriwira pamaziko a bizinesi ya gasi, ndikulimbikitsa cholinga cha Oman champhamvu cha carbon chochepa. Bp imanganso malo opangira ma haidrojeni akumatauni ku Aberdeen, Scotland, ndikumanga malo owonjezera obiriwira a haidrojeni, malo osungira ndi kugawa magawo atatu.
Ntchito yayikulu kwambiri ya hydrogen yobiriwira ya Shell yapangidwa ku China. Pulojekitiyi ili ndi zida zazikulu kwambiri zopangira ma haidrojeni kuchokera m'madzi opangidwa ndi electrolyzed padziko lapansi, zomwe zimapereka haidrojeni wobiriwira wamagalimoto amafuta a hydrogen ku Zhangjiakou Division pamasewera a Olimpiki a Zima a Beijing a 2022. A Shell adalengeza mgwirizano ndi GTT France kuti apangire limodzi matekinoloje atsopano omwe amatha kuzindikira kayendedwe ka hydrogen, kuphatikiza kapangidwe koyambirira kwa chonyamulira cha hydrogen. M'kati mwa kusintha kwa mphamvu, kufunikira kwa haidrojeni kudzawonjezeka, ndipo makampani oyendetsa sitimayo ayenera kuzindikira kayendetsedwe kake kamadzimadzi a haidrojeni, omwe amathandiza kuti pakhale mpikisano wothamanga wa hydrogen mafuta.
Ku United States, Chevron ndi Iwatani adalengeza mgwirizano kuti akhazikitse pamodzi ndikumanga malo opangira mafuta a hydrogen 30 ku California pofika chaka cha 2026. ExxonMobil ikukonzekera kumanga chomera cha buluu cha hydrogen ku Baytown Refining ndi Chemical Complex ku Texas, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo kumanga imodzi mwa malo opangira mafuta. ntchito zazikulu kwambiri za CCS padziko lapansi.
Saudi Arabia ndi Thailand National Petroleum Corporation (PTT) agwirizana kupanga minda ya blue hydrogen ndi green haidrojeni ndikulimbikitsanso ntchito zina zamphamvu zamagetsi.
Makampani akuluakulu amafuta padziko lonse lapansi athandizira kupanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni, kulimbikitsa mphamvu ya haidrojeni kuti ikhale gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha mphamvu, ndipo zitha kubweretsa kusintha kwatsopano kwa mphamvu.
Makampani amafuta aku Europe akufulumizitsa kusanjika kwa magetsi atsopano
Makampani amafuta aku Europe akufunitsitsa kupanga magwero atsopano amphamvu monga hydrogen, photovoltaic ndi mphamvu yamphepo.
Boma la US lakhazikitsa cholinga chomanga 30 GW mphamvu yamphepo yakunyanja pofika chaka cha 2030, kukopa otukula kuphatikiza zimphona zamphamvu zaku Europe kuti atenge nawo gawo pakutsatsa. Total Energy idapambana mwayi wopanga mphamvu yamphepo ya 3 GW pagombe la New Jersey, ndipo ikukonzekera kuyamba kupanga mu 2028, ndipo yakhazikitsa mgwirizano wopanga mphamvu zoyandama zamphepo zakunyanja pamlingo waukulu ku United States. Bp inasaina pangano ndi Norwegian National Oil Company kuti isinthe South Brooklyn Marine Terminal ku New York kukhala malo opangira ntchito ndi kukonza makampani opanga magetsi oyendera mphepo.
Ku Scotland, Total Energy idapeza ufulu wopanga projekiti yamagetsi yamphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 2 GW, yomwe idzapangidwa pamodzi ndi Green Investment Group (GIG) ndi Scottish Offshore Wind Power Developer (RIDG). Ndipo bp EnBW idapambananso mwayi wotsatsa mphamvu yamphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja kugombe lakum'mawa kwa Scotland. Mphamvu yokhazikitsidwa ndi 2.9 GW, yokwanira kupereka magetsi abwino kwa mabanja opitilira 3 miliyoni. Bp ikukonzekeranso kugwiritsa ntchito njira yophatikizira yamabizinesi kuti ipereke magetsi oyera opangidwa ndi minda yamphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja kumakampani opangira magalimoto amagetsi ku Scotland. Mabizinesi awiriwa ndi Shell Scottish Power Company adapezanso zilolezo ziwiri zachitukuko zamapulojekiti amagetsi oyandama ku Scotland, okhala ndi mphamvu zonse za 5 GW.
Ku Asia, bp igwirizana ndi Marubeni, wopanga mphepo yamkuntho yaku Japan, kuti achite nawo ntchito yotsatsa mphamvu zamphepo zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Japan, ndipo adzakhazikitsa gulu lachitukuko champhepo ku Tokyo. Shell ilimbikitsa projekiti yamphepo yoyandama ya 1.3 GW ku South Korea. A Shell adapezanso Sprng Energy yaku India kudzera mu kampani yawo yogulitsa ndalama zakunja, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamakampani omwe akukula mwachangu komanso opanga mphamvu zamagetsi ku India. Shell adati kugulidwa kwakukulu kumeneku kunalimbikitsa kuti ikhale mpainiya wa kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu.
Ku Australia, Shell adalengeza pa February 1st kuti adamaliza kupeza wogulitsa mphamvu waku Australia Powershop, yomwe idakulitsa ndalama zake muzinthu zamtundu wa zero-carbon ndi low-carbon and technology ku Australia. Malinga ndi lipoti la kotala loyamba la 2022, Shell idapezanso 49% ya wopanga famu yamphepo yaku Australia Zephyr Energy, ndipo ikukonzekera kukhazikitsa bizinesi yopangira magetsi otsika kaboni ku Australia.
Pankhani ya mphamvu ya dzuwa, Total Energy inapeza SunPower, kampani yaku America, kwa US$ 250 miliyoni kuti ikulitse bizinesi yake yogawa magetsi ku United States. Kuphatikiza apo, Total yakhazikitsa mgwirizano ndi Nippon Oil Company kuti ikulitse bizinesi yake yopangira magetsi oyendera dzuwa ku Asia.
Lightsource bp, mgwirizano wa BP, akuyembekeza kumaliza ntchito yaikulu ya mphamvu ya dzuwa ya 1 GW ku France pofika 2026 kupyolera mu gawo lake. Kampaniyo igwirizananso ndi Contact Energy, imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zothandizira anthu ku New Zealand, pama projekiti angapo amagetsi adzuwa ku New Zealand.
Net Zero Emission Target Imalimbikitsa CCUS/CCS Technology Development
Mosiyana ndi makampani amafuta aku Europe, makampani amafuta aku America amakonda kuyang'ana kwambiri kugwidwa kwa kaboni, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusungirako (CCUS) komanso kuchepera pamagetsi ongowonjezedwanso monga mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphamvu yamphepo.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka, ExxonMobil adalonjeza kuti achepetsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya wapadziko lonse lapansi mpaka ziro pofika chaka cha 2050, ndipo akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zokwana $ 15 biliyoni pakugulitsa mphamvu zobiriwira zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zikubwerazi. M'gawo loyamba, ExxonMobil idafika pachigamulo chomaliza chandalama. Akuti agulitsa ndalama zokwana madola 400 miliyoni kuti akweze malo ake olanda mpweya ku Labaki, Wyoming, zomwe ziwonjezera matani ena 1.2 miliyoni pamlingo womwe ulipo wapachaka wa matani pafupifupi 7 miliyoni.
Chevron adayika ndalama ku Carbon Clean, kampani yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri zaukadaulo wa CCUS, komanso idagwirizana ndi Earth Restoration Foundation kuti ipange maekala 8,800 a nkhalango yozama kaboni ku Louisiana ngati projekiti yake yoyamba yochotsa mpweya. Chevron adalumikizananso ndi Global Maritime Decarburization Center (GCMD), ndipo adagwira ntchito limodzi ndiukadaulo wamtsogolo wamafuta ndi kaboni kuti alimbikitse makampani oyendetsa sitima kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha ziro. M'mwezi wa Meyi, Chevron adasaina pangano la mgwirizano ndi Tallas Energy Company kuti akhazikitse mgwirizano kuti apange --Bayou Bend CCS, likulu la CCS ku Texas.
Posachedwapa, Chevron ndi ExxonMobil adasaina mapangano ndi kampani yamafuta yaku Indonesia (Pertamina) kuti afufuze mwayi wamabizinesi a carbon otsika ku Indonesia.
Kuyesa kwa mafakitale a Total Energy a 3D kukuwonetsa njira yatsopano yolanda mpweya woipa kuchokera kumakampani. Pulojekitiyi ku Dunkirk ikufuna kutsimikizira mayankho aukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito kaboni ndipo ndi gawo lofunikira pakuchotsa mpweya.
CCUS ndi imodzi mwamakina ofunikira kwambiri pothana ndi kusintha kwanyengo padziko lonse lapansi komanso gawo lofunikira pakuthana ndi vuto lanyengo padziko lonse lapansi. Maiko padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono kuti apange mwayi wopititsa patsogolo chuma chatsopano chamagetsi.
Kuphatikiza apo, mu 2022, Total Energy idachitanso zoyeserera pamafuta oyendetsa ndege (SAF), ndipo nsanja yake yaku Normandy idayamba bwino kupanga SAF. Kampaniyo imagwirizananso ndi Nippon Oil Company kupanga SAF.
Monga njira yofunikira yosinthira mpweya wochepa wa kaboni popeza makampani amafuta apadziko lonse lapansi, Total idawonjezera 4 GW ya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso popeza American Core Solar. Chevron yalengeza kuti ipeza REG, gulu lamphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, kwa $3.15 biliyoni, ndikupangitsa kukhala kubetcha kwakukulu pamagetsi ena mpaka pano.
Kuvuta kwa zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso vuto la mliri sizinayimitse kukwera kwamphamvu kwamakampani akuluakulu amafuta padziko lonse lapansi. "World Energy Transformation Outlook 2022" ikuwonetsa kuti kusintha kwamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kwapita patsogolo. Poyang'anizana ndi nkhawa za anthu, eni ake, ndi zina zotero komanso kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zogulira mphamvu zatsopano, kusintha kwa mphamvu kwa makampani akuluakulu a mafuta padziko lonse kukupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha nthawi yaitali cha mphamvu ndi zopangira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-04-2022